Lisbon

	Lisbon;
	Herb
	Map
	Information
State	Portugal
Region	Extremadura (Portugal)
Surface	84.6 km²
Population	506,654
Area Code	+21
Zip Code	1000-1900
	Website

Lisbon, the capital and largest city of Portugal, is situated on the Atlantic coast at the mouth of Tagu.

Characteristics

Central Lisbon, seen from the landing plane to Portel, looking south; the green belt is Parque Eduardo VII ending at Praça Marquês de Pombal

Lisbon is built on seven hills, so moving around Lisbon can be training. Many slopes and a few really flat areas are one of the trademarks of Lisbon. It is also a city of charming contrasts: elegant squares, wide avenues, monumental buildings and a rectangular arrangement of the lower areas quickly give way to hilly, narrow, winding, unpredictable and tight streets of districts such as Alfama and Bairro Alto. Elegant dining rooms and elegant bars on the roof of expensive hotels seem to be a different world than the perfect restaurants hidden behind the inconspicuous facade on the modest Bairro Alto street. High quality pastry and restaurants are developed next to night bars and loud discotheques. The old, small sparkling trams (one of the characters of the recognizable city) are no less contrasting with the efficient metro network.

History

São Jorge Castle, built in the 10th century, crowns the historic Alfama district

According to the legend, Lisbon was founded by the mythical Greek hero Odysseus during his trip home from Troy. However, most historians believe that city was founded around 1200 BC by Phoenician settlers, using the peaceful and fresh waters of the Tagus river and the proximity of the sea. The Phoenician name of the city is Alis-Ubo, which means "safe harbor". It eventually became part of the Cartagena Empire. After the Punic wars, she became the main shopping center of the Roman province of Luzytania, called Felicitas Julia Olisipo, later Olisipona. During the fall of the western Roman Empire, the Iberian Peninsula was attacked by the Vandals and Visigots tribes.

In 711 Lisbon was taken over by Muslim forces. During this period São Jorge castle was extended. Much of Mauritanian heritage is preserved in the nearby Alpham, the oldest standing district of the city. In 1147 the army of the Crusaders on their way to the Holy Land helped King Afonso conquer Lisbon and restore it to Christian rule. After completing the Portuguese recovery several hundred years later Lisbon became the capital of Portugal.

Golden Age

The Golden Age of Portugal, and consequently the history of Lisbon, began in the fifteenth century. In 1415, the young prince Henryk "Sailor" conquered Ceuta, creating the first European overseas colony. Later, he set up a Sagres navigation school in the Algarve region, and thus began the era of discovery. During King Manuel I's "Happy" reign (1495-1521), Portuguese navigators found their way around Cape of Good Hope, and Vasco da Gama eventually found the Cape Road to India, thus ending the Venetian monopoly on European trade with the Far East. King Manuel gave the name to the "manuelic" architecture, whose most famous example is the Belém tower in western Lisbon. After marrying Princess Isabella of Aragon, Manuel I ordered the conversion or expulsion of Jewish and Muslim people. Whereas the Portuguese colonial empire has been steadily growing over the centuries and has eventually encompassed the Azores and Madeira in the Atlantic; Brazil in South America; Angola, Cape Verde, Ceuta, Guinea-Bissau, Côte d'Ivoire, Mombasa, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe and Zanzibar in Africa; Cailon, East Timor, Flores, Formosa, Goa, Hormuz, Macau, Malacca and Molucca in Asia. The Portuguese Eastern trade led to the creation of the Japanese port city of Nagasaki in 1571.

Fall

With the loss of the powerless young king the House of Sebastião in 1578. Portugal is entering a period of downturn. Until 1580, the Portuguese nobility eagerly escaped a civil war that would disrupt the empire, agreed to join the Iberian Union under the rule of King Philip II of Spain, cousin Dom Sebastião, who becomes Philip I from Portugal. In view of Portugal's interest in the Portuguese and Belgian empires against the English, the association is deeply dissatisfied in Portugal, while the Windsor Treaty with England is suspended due to the handover by Spain of the crown of Portuguese maritime assets and resources for the failed invasion of the Great Armada against England. The consequences have caused serious failures to Portugal's ability to maintain such a huge empire. In 1640 Portuguese sovereignty was restored and the marriage of King Charles II with Princess Catherine Braganz is celebrated as a means of confirming independence and guarantee.

After the big earthquake, Marquis Pombal led efforts to redesign and reconstruct the lower city in an organized way

On All Saints (1 November) 1755 the biggest disaster in the history of Lisbon occurred, when one of the most powerful earthquakes in history destroyed two thirds of the city. The earthquake was so strong that it broke the windows as far as London and could kill as many as 100 000 people in the Lisbon area. The disaster has led to disappointment with optimism in the contemporary enlightenment, inspiring the French philosopher Voltaire to write the "Poem of the Lisbon Disaster" and Candida. However, the reconstruction of the city, organized by the Prime Minister of Pombal Marquis, became an expression of the enlightening architectural ideal, with wide streets in rectangular street patterns. So the reconstructed areas of Baixa are sometimes called the 'Baixa Pombalina', and the new buildings were designed using an embedded earthquake-resistant framework. Alfama, in the eastern part of the city, was the only part of the city center that survived the devastation, and is therefore the only area that preserved the medieval irregular pattern of streets.

In the early 19th century, after the French invasion, Portugal fought in the Napoleonic wars on the side of the anti-Napoleonic coalition. Although on the victorious side of the war the exile king João VI and his government decided to establish a permanent court in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1808. In 1822 he declared independence from Portugal. A few years later, João VI's sons competed for the rule of Portugal, finally entering into a civil war between two brothers, the autocratic prince Miguel and his more liberal brother Pedro IV. Pedro IV won the war, but he died only a few months after the victory, leaving the throne his teenage daughter Maria da Glória. During her reign, nearby palaces were built in Sintra. During this period, fado music was developed in the Lisbon region.

XX century and times now

In 1908 King Carlos I from Portugal and his successor, Luís Filipe, were murdered by the Republicans in Praça do Comércio. The young Prince Manuel was also wounded, but he survived and took over the throne. However, two years later, in 1910, he was dethroned and exterminated in a republican attack. In 1916 The Portuguese Republic entered World War I on the side of the Allies. Portuguese democracy did not last long. In 1926 General Óscar Carmona took power and imposed dictatorship. He called prof. António de Oliveira Salazara as Minister of Finance, who later became Prime Minister; he then introduced a corporate style of governance known as Estado Novo (New State), under which the state reorganized all aspects of life from an economic perspective, ignoring civil liberties. During World War II, Portugal maintained a neutral position, but handed the Azores over to the Allies. After World War II, Portugal becomes a founding member of NATO. During the Cold War Portugal enjoys record economic growth. 1961 The Indian Union unilaterally joins Goa and until 1960. African colonies want independence, but Salazar rejects their demands and plunges Portugal into long anti-independence wars, while in the Portuguese metropolis there is increasing public dissatisfaction due to the suppression of democracy and civil liberties. PIDE/DGS State Security Camera, arrest, torture, exile and sometimes killing dissidents and democracy activists. In the early hours of April 25, 1974, a military coup by leftist junior army officers took place, followed by massive civilian support in the streets of Lisbon and the dictatorship was overthrown. Soon after the revolution, Portugal became a democracy and independence was hastily and accidentally granted to their overseas colonies. Around one million abroad, mostly destitute Portuguese, returned to Portugal and became known as retornados. From an economic point of view, the country was facing ruin, but international loans kept it on the surface. The new "Constituição" provides democracy and human rights for all. Until 1986 Portugal has now been admitted to the EEC and is gradually starting to recover. In 1998, the International Expo 98 took place in Lisbon. As part of the trade fair, the new district "Parque das Nações" was built in eastern Lisbon, and the same year the Vasco da Gama bridge through Tag was launched. José Saramago, the longest bridge in Europe and born in Lisbon, wins the Nobel Prize in literature.

Climate

Portugal may be a country of southern Europe, but Lisbon is a port on the Atlantic coast, so be prepared for wind and rain

Lisbon enjoys a subtropical-Mediterranean climate, with mild winters and very warm years. The strong influence of the Gulf Stream is one of the mildest climates in Europe. Among all metropolitan areas in Europe there are the warmest winters on the continent, with an average temperature of more than 15.2°C during the day and 8.9°C during the night from December to February. Snow and frost are unknown. The typical summer season lasts about 6 months, from May to October, with an average temperature of 25 ° C during the day and 16.2 ° C at night, although also in November, March and April sometimes there are temperatures above 20 ° C with an average temperature of 18.5 ° C during the day and 11.2 ° C at night. Rain occurs mainly in winter, summer is very dry.

Lisbon is very close to the ocean and brings windy and fast changing weather, so it is better to take your jacket or umbrella with you, at least in winter, spring and autumn.

Position

The city stretches along the north bank of the tag river, where it falls into the Atlantic Ocean. When the terrain rises north of the water, steep streets and stairs form old entangled neighborhoods or give way to green parks in the western suburbs. Basic navigation is easy thanks to the main axis from Praça to Comércio (quay) by Rossio (main square) and Avenida da Liberdade (main street) to Praça de Marquês de Pombal and Parque Eduardo VII on top. Each district (e.g. Alfama or Bairro Alto) is clear and easy to recognize. The castle on the hill and waterfront are clear reference points and monuments such as the elevator Santa Justa, the facade of the station Rossio, the powerful cathedral (Sé de Lisboa), the white dome of the arch Santa Engrácia and Augusta street (Arco da rua Augusta) also adds a sense of direction. Also pay attention to two huge bridges on the Tagu. Moving around winding, hilly and narrow streets can be difficult, but only the most detailed map gives the exact location.

It is often said that there is no defined "downtown" in Lisbon, but tourists will find most of their interesting places in a relatively compact area around the vast Praça do Comércio, opposite the river. This is the starting point for the closed-loop traffic Baixa network (the lower city), which borders directly with other historical districts of Alfama, Chiado and Bairro Alto. Further north-west of Baix is the Avenida da Liberdade, a wide boulevard dazzling with deciduous trees, elegant hotels and exclusive shops, ending at the round Praça de Marquês de Pombal. However, the financial center is further (hence the notion of "no center") north towards the hills and is not directly related to historical districts.

Other areas of interest for tourist interest are usually those on the river bank - the historic Belém in the southwest, the modern Parque de Nações in the north-east and the gentrifying Alcântara at the bridge on 25 April.

Baixa

Districts

Rossio Square connecting Baixa with Avenida de Liberdade

In December 2012 Lisbon was transformed into five zones (zonas), which are further divided into 24 civilian parishes (freguesias). While wives reflect the real characteristics of each area, which also helps to orient tourists, fregues serve mainly administrative purposes and are of little interest to tourists. More important are unofficial bairros (districts), which have no administratively defined boundaries, but are rooted in local tradition and referred to in most guides and even official publications. The main features of each zone and the most famous barrio are presented below.

Centro Histórico

The historic center of Lisbon is a belt on the river created by the hills of Bairro Alto and Alfama and the flat area of Baixa between them. Contains the following bairros:

Baixa - this part of the city was completely rebuilt after the 1755 earthquake by Marques de Pombal. The planned arrangement, which differs significantly from what you will see in more ancient neighborhoods, is a testimony to the idea of Enlightenment.
Chiado - stroll through the historical streets of this elegant shopping district, stopping for a cup of coffee with the statue of Fernando Pessoa, the great modernist poet of Portugal.
Alfama - this area still carries signs of Moors' presence in the city, with buildings very close to each other and very irregular streets. It's very climatic and it's a great place to go. Thanks to the harder rock on which it was built, it was relatively spared during the Great Earthquake and therefore retains the charm of winding alley and covered with azuleo decaying walls.
Bairro Alto - go upstairs to Bairro Alto and take a good feeling or ride one of the funiculars, from which you can enjoy great views of the city and wild events in the most popular nightclub district in Lisbon.
Principe Real - fashionable neighborhood with all fancy shops is just a 5-minute walk from Bairro Alto

The Grand Praça do Marquês de Pombal is probably the most central place in Lisbon where the three main Avenidas meet.

Centro

The geographical center of Lisbon is also an economic and civic center, with the main shopping and entertainment boulevard Avenida Libertade, large parks, famous museums and modern office buildings scattered on Avenidas Novas and the Campolide hills.

Ocitan

Go east to Belem to better understand the link between Lisbon and the Atlantic

Zona Ocidental, the western zone, stretches west of the historic center on the river bank and includes the following bairros, which in fact overlap with official rules:

Alcântara - quickly gentrifying old docks, dominated at the western end by the supports of a giant new bridge over the river
Ajuda - a district on a hill known for the royal Palacio Nacional da Ajuda and the adjacent Jardim Botânico da Ajuda
Belém - the westernmost district of Lisbon is its gateway to the sea with a rich historical heritage

The modern Parque de Nações is located in the eastern part of Lisbon

Oriental

Zona Oriental is an eastern zone running north-east of the center. Most of the area is residential and industrial port areas which are of little interest to tourists, with the exception of the Parque de Nações - an ultra-modern district built on the east side of Lisbon at the World Expo in 1998, making full use of its shores.

Norte

The north of Lisbon is of little interest to tourists, perhaps with the exception of Jardim Zoológico (zoo) and the long-distance bus and train station Sete Rios, both at the southern end of the zone.

Directions

As you can see at the landing, Portela airport is located essentially in the center of Lisbon and a few minutes from the shore of the river Tag

By plane

Terminal 1 main check-in area

1 Aeroporto de Lisboa (Aeroporto Humberto Delgado / Aeroporto da Portela LIS), Alameda das Comunidades Portuguesas (between Loures and Lisbon and just 7 km from the city center.), +351 218 413 500, email : [email protected] The airport has two terminals. All flights arrive at Terminal 1 and Terminal 2 is used for low-cost carriers. The metro station, bus stops and the main taxi stop are located in Terminal 1. Terminal 2 is physically separated and quite distant from Terminal 1. There is a free bus between terminals, running every about 10 minutes. If you leave Lisbon on a low-cost flight operated by Easyjet, Norwegian, Ryanair or WizzAir, add the extra time needed to make sure you catch the transfer and go to Terminal 2 in time before departure.

Direct flights are offered to Lisbon from Warsaw. TAP Portugal and Wizz Air fly from the Lech Walesa Airport. Fryderyka Chopin in Warsaw, and Ryanair from Modlin airport.

Tap Portugal
Wizz Air
Ryanair

Directions to downtown

An efficient and dense public transport network in Lisbon provides connections from Portela airport to almost every point in the city, so if you do not have heavy luggage or otherwise, use the public transport option. They are not only cheaper, but taxi drivers in Lisbon also have a somewhat shaky reputation for poor service and frequent attempts of fraud, even among the residents.

Metro (Aeroporto station - final for the red line - vermelha) The Metro station at Lisbon airport opened in July 2012 and is the new destination of the red line (Linha Vermelha) metro. The trip to the central station of Saldanha takes about 16 minutes and less than 25 minutes is enough to get from the airport to Baixa-Chiado with a change to a green or blue line. A single trip can cost just 1.25 euro with Viva Viagem switching (see below).
Aerobus is a special Carris service with two routes to major places in the city. Aerobus 1 running every 20 minutes follows Av. da Republica and Av. da Liberdade to the historic center of the city (Rossio, Praça do Comércio and the train/ferry terminal in Cais do Sodré). Aerobus 2 leaves every 40 or 60 minutes, depending on the time of day, and goes towards the financial center of the city in the north-west, stopping at Entrecampos, Praça de Espanha and Avenida José Malhoa. Aerobusy usually runs between 08:00 and 23:00, check their website for details. Tickets start at 3.50 € and are valid for all public transport lines such as buses and trams (but not on the subway) for 24 or 48 hours. You can get a discount when you buy a ticket online earlier, as well as when traveling in a group.
Bus lines 22, 44, 83, 705, 708, 744, 745 or night bus line 208. Bus 44 will take you to the Oriente railway station in about 10 minutes,

where you can switch to the subway and continue to the city center. The ticket fee is €1.80. You can use 7 Colinas transport cards (see "communication" section), which can be purchased at the post office at the airport. Remember that these buses are not allowed to carry large luggage.

Taxis cost about €10.00 from the airport to the city center. The fee depends on the counter, adding 1,20 € per piece of luggage. Taxis are required to have working meters (it is illegal to drive without them) and tariffs placed on the window on the rear seat. Before getting into a taxi, ask the taxi driver if he has a work counter, and watch out for drivers trying to catch bags and take them to a taxi before you can make these inquiries. As in many cities, be careful of dishonesty, and if you think you are charged a much higher fee, ask for their number and receipt, and explain that you plan to complain.
Bike' - due to the relative proximity of Lisbon airport to the city center, it is quite easy to drive from the airport to the center and you can recommend it if you come on a bicycle trip. After leaving the airport and crossing the roundabout, enter the long and straight two-lane road Av. Almirante Gago Coutinho (you should be able to follow the signs "Centro".) After connecting the route to Baixa is simple and flat. This street later turns into Av. Almirante Reis, and then Rua de Palma, at the end of which you'll have Baix on the right.

The commercial part of the airport is available for both departing and arriving - you can make purchases of items needed on the spot after arrival.

By Train

Unique roof Gare to Oriente

Santa Apolonia is a historic train station in Lisbon right on the river

There are two main stations, 2 Santa Apolónia in the city center and 3 Gare to Oriente, a little further and used by high-speed trains. However, if you enter Lisbon from the south, you can get off at smaller stations Entrecampos or Sete Rios. Their metro stations are closer to the historical center than Oriente (you need to change the metro lines to get to the center from there).

Alfa Pendular National High Speed Line connects Braga, Porto, Aveiro and Coimbra with Lisbon from the north and Faro from the south. Prices between major cities start from €40 in second grade. All trains call to Oriente, only some in Apologne. Alfa Pendular travel time from Lisbon is about 1 hour 45 minutes to Coimbra, 2 hours 45 minutes to Porto, 3 hours 25 minutes to Braga and 3 hours to Faro. Regular Intercidade trains are also available, and intercepting stations add 20 to 40 minutes to each route. Railway tickets may be booked directly from the railway company Comboios de Portugal.

Two international services are available, the night Sud Express leaves Hendaye on the Spanish and French border every day at 18:35. The train leaves Oriente at 07:20 the next morning before it reaches Santa Apolónia just ten minutes later. Every day from Madrid runs a sleeping train called Lusitania, which leaves Chamartin station at 21:50, arriving early in the morning at 07:20 in Oriente, and a few minutes later in Apolónia. Prices in both trains vary and can be significantly reduced to less than 40 euro per tourist cama (a place to sleep in a four-bed compartment) if you are watching the Renfe booking page month or two in advance.

By car

Vasco da Gama Bridge

You can get to Lisbon from six major motorways. Coming from the south (A2) or from the east (A6 - main route from Madrid), there are two bridges:

From/South: A2 leads up to 4 bridge 25 de Abril (Ponte 25 de Abril), which usually has a large movement in Lisbon, especially on weekdays. This is the best option if you want to go to the center of Lisbon or west (A5 - Estoril, Cascais, Sintra).

North/East: If you go from A2 to A12, you will reach the 5 bridge of Vasco da Gama (Ponte Vasco da Gama), the longest bridge in Europe, it usually has less traffic than the older 25 de Abril (but more expensive fee). It is the best option to go to the eastern/northern part of Lisbon (to the airport and to the Parque das Nações - the former place of Expo 98), as well as to the A1 or A8 north.

From/to north and airport: Coming from the north, there is A1 which connects Lisbon with Santarém, Fatima, Leiria, Coimbra, Aveiro, Porto. A1 ends near the airport. There is also A8, which goes to Torres Vedras, Caldas da Rainha, Alcobaça, Leiria.

From the west there is A5 which connects to Estoril, Cascais and IC19, which crosses all suburbs and ends near Sintry.

Lisbon has three bypasses: 2ª which connects A1 to IC19; CRIL IC17 (still incomplete) that connects the Vasco da Gama bridge to A1 and A8; and CREL A9, which connects A1 with A8, IC19, A5 and goes to the coast of Estoril.

By bus

All nearby cities and most major cities in Portugal have direct buses to Lisbon. The main bus station is located at 6 Sete Rios (Metro: Jardim Zoológico). The main long-range bus operator is the Rede Nacional de Expressos.

By vessel

Lisbon is the main port on the Atlantic coast, both for freight and cruise traffic. Most of the major cruise ship operators include Lisbon, so finding a cruise route that will take you there should be relatively easy. However, the regular movement of shuttle ferries is limited to the connection to the River Tag, i.e. There are no ferries to Lisbon other than small neighboring municipalities.

Tour terminals shall be in:

7 Estação Marítima de Alcântara (Terminal Alcantara).
8 Estação Marítima de Santa Apollonia (Travel Terminal Santa Apollonia).
9 Novo Terminal de Cruzeiros de Lisboa (Jardim do Tabaco Quay).

For those who arrive in smaller boats, the port of Lisbon serves four harbors - Alcantara, Belem, Bom Successo and Santo Amaro. All details can be found on the Lisbon Port website. Alternatively, you can berth at 10 Marina Parque de Nacoes, which acts as a separate unit.

Communications

Public transport

Lisbon has a very efficient public transport network that covers the whole city and surroundings. It consists of a bus and tram network operated by Carris, a separate metro, as well as suburban trains and ferries that connect Lisbon with neighboring suburbs. In addition, Carris operates three unique rope railways and one public elevator that operate as part of the public transport system.

Fares and tickets

Viva Viagem Transport Card

The best and, in many cases, the only way to pay for urban transport is to buy the green smart card "Viva Viagem" (also called "7 Colinas"). Valid in metro, trams (electric), urban trains, most buses and ferries. The exception are the buses not run by Carris - other bus companies have their own tickets. The card itself can be purchased for 0.50 € (this price does not include any travel) and remains valid for a year. It should be purchased (cash only, without credit cards) from the vending machine or ticket office.

Viva Viagem card can be loaded in three different modes. From November 15, 2018:

Single tickets for bus or subway (1,45 €)
Daily voucher for metro, buses and trams (6,30 € for unlimited use for 24 hours after purchase and can be recharged every day).
Zapping. It also offers flexible rates: each trip costs 1.30 €. The disadvantage is that the switching of ticket machines can only take place with round amounts: €3, €5, €10, €15. If you have some unspent money, it is good to go to the selected office and there they do the stock for any amount (uncertain whether it is still possible). This way you can fully use your money on your card before returning to the country (but the balance can be transferred to a new card, even if the card has expired).

There are ticket vending machines at railway stations and subway stations which also provide instructions in English. You can also buy a ticket from the driver or machinery on board (the latter is available only on some new trams). Tickets purchased from the driver will not include Viva Viagem card and will cost more (EUR 1,85 per bus and EUR 2,90 per tram instead of EUR 1,30 for using the charge card), so it makes more sense to buy a ticket before the journey starts.

When using suburban trains, tickets are charged with the same Viva Viagem cards. You can't have more than one type of ticket on one card, so you will probably need at least two of them, one for switching (ordinary bus and metro), the other for traveling in the suburbs. The TransTejo (TT) ferries can make you buy another Viva card with a white bar on the bottom. However, you can use the "booking" for the entire transport and then escape with one Viva Viagem card.

If you plan to stay in Lisbon for a long time (1 week and longer), you can buy an unlimited pass that includes buses, metro and cable lines. It takes 10 days or if you need it faster, you can pay an additional €5 for the next day delivery at Carris station in Santo Amaro or at Marques de Pombal, Alameda and Campo Grande metro stations. The basic price is EUR 7 per hard plastic Lisboa Viva card, plus EUR 36,20 per month for unlimited urban travel. Take with you an identity card with a photo (passport), passport photos (the stations also have vending machines for the sale of photos that take passport photos) and cash. The plastic card can accommodate up to 4 different tickets at a time.

Tram

Elétrico climbing the streets of Ribeira

Map of tram lines operating in Lisbon

While numbering may suggest otherwise, Lisbon retains only six of the 28 tram lines of which it has become famous.

Line 12 - shortest line creates a loop between Praça de Comércio in Baixa and Alfama
Line 15 - the longest line connects Centro Histórico to Belém and beyond
Line 18 - follows line 15 along the coast until Santo Amaro, where he goes up to Ajuda
Line 24 - connects Chiado to Campolide by Príncipe Real and Rato
Line 25 - goes from Praça de Comércio through Chiado, along the foot of Bairro Alto and then to Estrela
Line 28 - take you on a real trip to the hills of Lisbon, starting from Campo Ourique, then through Estrela, Bairro Alto, Chiado, Rua da Conceição in Baixa, and then through the Alfama hills north to Graça, ending at Praça Martim Moriz.

At stops and timetables five tram lines are marked "E" for elétrico (which means "tram" in Portuguese), i.e. 12E, 15E, 18E, 25E and 28E to distinguish them from bus services. Buses and trams usually use the same stops.

Remodelado tram wagons, built in the 30s and widely upgraded in the 1990s, are used on all lines. Modern low-floor trams are used only on line 15.

Instead of paying for the ride with one of the expensive tourist buses, try the line 28, which runs through the Old City of Lisbon, starting in Graça, then down to Alfama and Baixa, then via Chiado to Bairro Alto, then down to Campo Ourique, taking you through many of the most famous and interesting places in Lisbon, including the monument, churches and gardens. The trip is hilly, noisy and feverish, but provides many beautiful views of the city. And although the tram can sometimes be filled with tourists, you will certainly get the taste of the inhabitants, because many Lisbon people commute them daily to work. Tickets cost 1,30 € if they are paid with "Viva Viagem" card, and 2,90 € if they are bought on board or in a slot machine (remember that these machines do not accept cards and sometimes do not even spend the rest, so make sure you have the calculated amount!). From beginning to end, the ride takes about 30 minutes. Watch your pockets!

Field queues and elevator

Travel on one of the ascensores should be listed when planning a trip to Lisbon

Elevador de Santa Justa

Or ascensores e elevador, as they call them. The Viva Viagem card is also accepted on these routes. In 2002 all three rope railways and elevators were classified as national monuments. Time tables for lifts in pdf format can be downloaded from the website.

11 Ascensor da Glória, Praça dos Restauradores do S. Pedro de Alcântara (Bairro Alto). Pn-Thu 07:15-23:55, Pt 07:15-00:25, Sb 08:45-00:25, Nd and Holidays 09:15-11:55. This queue was opened on October 24, 1885 and was the second in Lisbon. This is the most visited city. Lower station exactly where Avenida Liberdad connects to Restauradores.
12 Ascensor da Bica, Rua de São Paulo (Rua Duarte Belo) - Largo de Calhariz. Pn-Sb 07:00-21:00, Sun and Holiday 09:00-21:00. The queue was launched on June 28, 1892 and its route is known as the most typical in the city. €3.70 for a round trip.
13 Ascensor to Lavra (Lavra Rail), Largo da Anunciada to Rua Câmara Pestana. Pn-Sb 07:50-19:55, Nd and Holidays 09:00-19:55. The oldest queue in Lisbon was launched on April 19, 1884 and that day operated for 16 consecutive hours, carrying over 3000 passengers.
14 Elevador de Santa Justa (elevator Santa Justa), Rua Aurea and Rua de Santa Justa, +351 21 361-3054. Elevator: Mar-Oct daily 07:00-23:00, Lis-February daily 07:00-21:00; view point: Mar-Oct every day 09:00-23:00, Lis-Lut every day 09:00-21:00. Located in the center of the city, the elevator was designed by architect Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard, a supporter of French engineer Gustava Eiffel, and was built of iron enriched with filigrease details. Launched on 10 July 1902 It connects the city center to Trinidade, which is located many meters uphill and is the only street elevator in Lisbon for public service. 5 € (return ticket purchased on board), 1,50 € (viewing point only, no transport); Accepted Viva Viagem cards.

Metro

Lisbon Metro Map

The Lisbon metro system is clean, fast and efficient. While subway announcements are only in Portuguese, ticketing signs and slots are usually bilingual in Portuguese and English. Each line divides at least one station with each of the other lines, so once you're in the system, you can go virtually anywhere the system reaches, which is most important locations in Lisbon.

The blue line (Azul) probably has the most tourist friendly route, starting from the Santa Apostolonia railway station and stopping at Terreiro do Paço, Baixa / Chiado, (Praça dos) Restauradores, Avenida (da Liberdade), (Praça do) Marquês de Pombal, Parque (Eduardo VII) and Jarda dim zoológico.
The Green Line (Verde) also stops on Baixa / Chiado and goes to Cais to Sodré, where you can reach Belém, Cascais and Estoril by train or by ferry to Almada, as well as to Rossio, where you can take the train to Sintra
The red line (Vermelha) starts directly at the airport of Lisbon and stops in Oriente (long-distance trains and Parque das Nações). Having said that, you need to move to another metro line to get to the historical center.
The yellow line (Amarela) is probably the least useful for tourists as it connects mainly northern residential districts with the city.

No subway line to Belém. You must take a train from Cais to Sodré, tram line 15E or bus to get there.

Most of the subway system is a free art gallery. You will find the art of contemporary artists inspired by the surroundings of the station. Check the subway website for more information about this curiosity. The red line is the latest and has the best works of art.

The first metro of each line leaves the terminal stations every day at 6:30, the last metro leaves the terminal stations at 1:00 every day. Some secondary station halls close earlier, some are completely closed on weekends.

Buses

Public buses, like trams and stops, are painted in yellow Carris painting

Carris runs a dense bus network. Bus lines running in the day start with "7" (except for the line "400", which runs within the Parque das Nações), and lines starting with "2" operate at night (00:01-05:00) when daytime lines are not running.

In maps and publications, bus and tram lines are color coded for the destinations they travel to. Orange lines remain in the central area, pink to the east (Belém and Ajuda), red to the north (Parque das Nações and Portela), and blue and green to the north-east. It is more or less where each of the corresponding subway lines (red, green and blue) goes. Gray buses run between external districts and do not stop in the historic center of the city. Remember that the buses themselves are in the standard yellow painting Carris and do not wear such markings.

Two popular bus lines now offer free Wi-Fi service NetBus - line 736 from Cais to Sodré via Avenida Liberdade and Avenida da República (stops at Campo Grande, Campo Pequeno and Entrecampos), and line 783 from Portela airport to Amoreiras shopping and office center by Avenida da República and Praça Marquês de Pombal. By using these two bus lines, you can access most important tourist attractions using Wi-Fi - just log in to the "CARRIS-TMN" network on the bus.

Hop-On, Hop-Off Tours is also a good option to learn about Lisbon. Carristur works with the Yellow Bus Sightseeing Tours brand and organizes tours in the two-story buses and old trams.

Ferries

Numerous ferries pass through the Tag River to help commuters and travelers to Lisbon

The ferries link Lisbon with the suburbs on the other side of the river Tag in the south. The ferry to Cacilhas is a good opportunity to see Lisbon from the water. The ferry is paid as a metro journey; you can even use your switch (use of this system offers a discount of 0.05 € to 0.10 € for a single ticket) Viva viagem card.

The ferry leads to Cacilhas (EUR 1,20) (10 minutes) or Trafaria (Almada) (EUR 1,15), Seixal (EUR 2,30), Montijo (EUR 2,70) or Barreiro (half an hour) (EUR 2,30). The boats are operated by Transtejo.

Bicycle

Cycling in the city is now much easier thanks to the work that the municipality has introduced using cycling paths, slowing traffic, changing patterns of car traffic and increasing speed etc., but of course parts of the city will always be part of the surprisingly hilly area of Lisbon. If you are planning a bike ride, some of these streets have tram lines, holes and no designated bicycle paths, so visitors who want to go urban by bicycle should be accustomed to urban driving. Driving on sidewalks is not recommended. It is advisable to consult local cyclists.

Although it is better than in recent years, there are still bicycle paths in the city, the latest, nice and safe sections from Baixa to Belem along the beautiful water front of the river Tag, known as Poetry Bike Lane.

Nowadays, car drivers are often weekend cyclists and more cautious about cyclists than ever before. Good places for everyone to ride a bike safely are along a flat area on the river, stretching from Parque das Nacoes to the central part of Cais Sodre, where you can rent bicycles to see the bicycle iberia, and especially from here to Belem. Necessary for all travelers or lovers of cycling: picturesque and safe cycling on a bicycle path from Baixa along the quay to the historical part of Descobertas-Belem-Jerónimos.

Just on the outskirts of Lisbon - you can take a free bicycle (but often in poor condition and limited offer) on trains or ferries - along the coast from Estoril towards the beautiful Guincho beach, reach Sintra, Cascais or Costa da Caparica. If you are traveling from Lisbon (and back), you should consider hiring a bicycle because there are no restrictions or extra charges for biking on commuting trains.

If you take a bicycle in public transport, watch out for the following:

Metro: Bicycles can be carried on the subway only after 20:00 on weekends. This is allowed and free of charge.
Commuting trains: You have the right to carry bicycles on trains for free, every day in a week just be reasonable and avoid passenger patterns during peak hours.
Ferries: Bicycles travel free, they are allowed, but there are strict limits on the number of bicycles allowed depending on the ferry lines and type of ferry, they arrive early and disappointments must be avoided.
Bicycle buses: There are 6 lines of public bus "Carris" where you can put your bicycle inside.

Bicycle shops in the center of Lisbon are rare. You can find SportZone near Rossio or in the main shopping centers. Ask in specialized stores, helpers are usually very helpful.

Car

Think twice before using your car in the city, unless you are prepared to spend hours in traffic and search for a parking space. Movable movement and narrow streets with blind corners can be overwhelming for tourists. In addition, due to lack of space and overcrowding, parking is difficult and annoying and also potentially dangerous - check the "Safety" section below, regarding potential problems with criminals and homeless people who are standing near parking spaces to "help" in parking your car and then try to extort money from you.

If you decide to travel around Portugal by car, you will make life easier by receiving a paid vehicle verde transponder device to avoid trouble and delays in paying for the fees each time. The procedure for switching to "verizador" via verde is simple if someone speaks Portuguese; if not, ask your local friend to tag it. You need to bring your vehicle documents, driving license and ID. Via Verde offices are located in Loja do Cidadão. The local people should be able to direct you to the nearest; if not, try the Internet. When you enter the Citizen Store, make sure you get a numbered next-line ticket from your machines at the door for the correct service provider. Without that, you're not going to do it. When you are in the middle with a ticket in your hand, find out where Via Verde's help point is, and keep an eye on the TV monitors to see where you are in line. Once the unit has been received, it shall be fixed to the interior of the windscreen. The kit includes easy-to-use instructions and a special double-sided tape.

Pedestrian

If your accommodation is located in the city center, a walk is a great alternative. Many of the city's attractions, such as Castelo and Alfama and Bairro Alto, are within walking distance of the Baixa hotel. Central Lisbon is very intimate and walking is a very good way to move around. However, it should be remembered that the city is very hilly, everywhere up and down, and streets/sidewalks are largely covered with paving (a little slippery when wet). For visitors with mobility problems, the Lisbon center can be difficult.

If you get lost or can't find the place you're looking for, try finding the nearest bus or tram stop Carris. Most of these stops (not all) have a very good map of the city with the current location clearly indicated on the map. All the important tourist attractions in Lisbon are also displayed with an index at the bottom of the map. A quick consultation with one of these Carris maps should direct you back in the right direction.

You can also use the funiculars and elevadores lines. Public transport vouchers also apply.

Other

Tuk tuki is becoming a popular alternative to visit Lisbon. The hills and narrow streets make them a good option to explore the city. It is easy to find them near interesting places, but it is recommended to book. Some operators are: Tuk Tuk Lisboa, Tuk On Me and Tejo Tourism (which also provides segway trips).

Language

As in the rest of Portugal, Portuguese is the main language in Lisbon. However, most young people speak English and can only speak English. Spanish is widely understood, although few people are fluent in it, and many residents are more willing to respond to English than to Spanish. Nevertheless, any attempt to speak Portuguese is always appreciated and even simple things, such as basic greetings, often attract smiles and encouragement from the people.

If you ask for guidance or try to distinguish between advertisements, remember that Portuguese, although similar in a letter to Spanish or Italian, has a very specific pronunciation. In most cases the letter "j" is pronounced as "j", i.e. Tejo river is pronounced "also" (not "teho", as Spanish users say). Portuguese is also very "soft", with a peculiar accent - some linguists described it as "windsurfing between vowels" - and many combinations of consonant vowels are pronounced very differently from other European languages. It's good to remember the correct spelling and pronunciation of some of the destinations you're going to visit to avoid misunderstandings or misguides.

It's worth seeing

River Tag

1 Ponte 25 de Abril. This sister bridge San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge was designed by the same architect in 1966 to connect Lisbon with the Setubal peninsula through the Tagus River (Tejo). Formerly known as the Salazar Bridge, it was renamed the Carnations Revolution, which ended the dictatorship on 25 April 1974.
2 Ponte Vasco da Gama. It is the longest bridge in Europe (including overpasses) and the ninth longest bridge in the world, with a total length of 17.2 km, including 0.829 km of the main bridge, 11.5 km (7.1 km) of overpasses and 4.8 km (3.0 miles) on dedicated access roads.
3 The statue of Cristo Rei. This figure of Christ the King overlooking Lisbon is on the other side of the river, but it is clearly visible from Lisbon. The monument was inspired by a similar statue in Rio de Janeiro. See details in Almada.
Museum ship Fernando II e Gloria is a thoroughly restored 50-pistol, 3-mast, fully armed frigate from the early 19th century, considered unique in the world. The renovation project was launched under the Expo98 to show part of Portugal's maritime heritage. The ship was restored to service in 1998 by the Portuguese Navy Reserve as a work exhibit and is open to visitors both in the port of the Alfeite arsenal or in the port of Praça do Império in Belém. The Navy Museum in Jerónimos will have information about your whereabouts.

Baixa

4 Praça do Comércio (by metro to the station Terreiro do Paço). This magnificent square, overlooking the river, is the beginning of the center of Lisbon. It is also known as "Terreiro do Paço", which means "Palace Area", referring to its function before the Great Earthquake in 1755. The upper floors of yellow buildings surrounding the square are mainly used as government offices, while the lower floors often include cafes and restaurants. King Joseph I, who ruled during the rebuilding of Lisbon, is commemorated as a horse statue in the middle of the square, while the bow directed to the north is a tribute to the discoverer of Vasco da Gama.
5 Rossio Station. Built in 1890 as Estação Central (Central Station), it was the main railway hub until 1957. Provides direct connection to Sintra in about 40 minutes. Trains have access to the station through a 2.6 km tunnel. The main facade is an example of the Neomanulian style, the revival of the Gothic style in Portugal in the mid-19th century.
6 Palacio Foz, Praça dos Restauradores, +351 21 322 12 00, e-mail: [email protected] The palace was built in the XVIII and XIX centuries. Visits may be organized in advance by e-mail. Concerts are offered (some of them free). Information is also available on the official Facebook page.
7 Job dos Restauradores.
Museu de Sociedade de Geography.
8 Casa do Alentejo, Rua Portas de Santo Antão, 58.
9 Job house Pedro IV (Rossio).
10 Job da Figueira.
11 Nossa Senhor da Conceicao Velha.

Chiado and Bairro Alto

Ruins of Igreja do Carmo

Jardim de S. Pedro de Alcântara

12 Igreja do Carmo, Largo do Carmo (Elevador Santa Justa or short hike from Baixa or Rossio), +351 213 460 473, e-mail: [email protected] October-May: Mon-Sb 10:00-18:00; Sep: Mon-Sb 10:00-19:00; closed on Sundays, 1 January, 1 May, 25 December. The church on the hill of the former monastery Carmo is a high monument to the earthquake of 1755, which caused the fall of the church roof, but the gothic boughs of the nave remained. The church was preserved in this way and now serves as Museu Arqueológico in the preserved parts of the building. In the museum there is a mix of archeological artifacts from all over Portugal and the world, including mummies from South America, tombs of Portuguese rulers and crossroad stations on the 18th century painted tiles. Various artifacts are not well explained, but the church is a view, and visitors come to rest in the grassy name of the church and draw or photograph needles. 4 € (adults), 3 € (students/senior citizens), 3,20 € (Lisbon card), free of charge (children under 15 years).
13 Lift Santa Justa, Largo do Carmo - Rua do Ouro. 08:30-20:30 (Viewing Platform). Excellent vertical view of the streets of Baixa, next to Igreja to Carmo. The queue can be quite long, you can consider going down and going down instead. €1.50.
14 Jardim de São Pedro de Alcântara (Mirador), Rua S. Pedro de Alcântara. Excellent panorama with a charming terrace/garden on the top of Elevador da Glória and the northern corner of Bairro Alto. Free.

Estrela

15 Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, Rua das Janelas Verdes, ☎ +351 21 391 2800. From Tuesday to Sunday: 10:00 - 18:00; Closed on Monday. An impressive collection of Portuguese national art, including European paintings from the 14th-19th century, artifacts of Portuguese contact with East and Africa and collections of church treasures. The most important are: St. Hieronim Dürer, the temptation of the Holy One. Antoni Hieronim Bosch, Adoration of St. Vincent Nuno Gonçalves and Japanese paintings by Portuguese merchants from the 16th century. Normal: €6.00.

View from Mirador de Santa Luzia in Alfama

16 Museu da Marioneta.
17 Basilica da Estrela.
18 Jardim da Estrela.
19 Palacio de Sao Bento.
20 Cemitério dos Prazeres, Praça São João Bosco (tram 28 at its western end), +351 21 396 1511. every day 09:00-16:30. This large cemetery is full of majestic tombstones and mauzz oil, separated by wide, walking, wooden alleys. Many graves are marked with icons that speak of the role of a person in the historical Lisbon. Beautiful rest from a busy city. free.

Alpha

National Pantheon or Santa Engracia

21 Castelo de São Jorge (St. Jerzy) (Walking on the hill with Alfama or bus 37), +351 218 800 620. Mar-Oct 09:00-21:00; From November to February 09:00-18:00. Under the mountain, with a beautiful view of the city and the river. If you have energy, walk there from the city center, passing through the fantastic old Alfama district. 7 € with discount for students.
22 Panteão Nacional (Igreja do Santa Engrácia), Campo de Santa Clara (Santa Apolonia station, hike uphill. Tram 28), +351 21 885 4820. 10:00-17:00, platform 10:00-18:00 (closed on Mondays, shorter hours in winter). This is one of the most impressive buildings in Lisbon. High dome and white facade make it a real landmark in Alfam / Eastern Lisbon. Excellent views from the roof terrace. The construction started in 1681 and then stopped until the dome was added in 1966 and then converted into the National Pantheon. Amalia Rodrigues, queen fado, is buried here and fresh roses can be seen on the grave.

The church also has a wide viewing platform on the roof around the dome. Excellent panorama of the river and surroundings. No elevator. €4

23 Alfama mirador, Largo Portas do Sol (walking uphill from Sé (Cathedral), tram 28). A good lookout point in Alpham upstairs from the cathedral along the tram route. Beautiful view of the roofs and the river. Free
24 Museu to the Romano Theater (Museum of the Roman Theater), Rua de São Mamede, no. 3 A, +351 218 172 450. On the way from the center to the Castle of St. George.

Bel Discoverers Monument

Belém

Torre de Belém

The very size of the Hieronimites Monastery is amazing, combined with the decorative Gothic decoration

Museu Nacional dos Coches

This full area of monuments is a mandatory place and contains two sites of the world heritage in Lisbon; Belém Tower and Hieronimites Monastery.

By bus 28 west (Restelo direction), which follows along the coastline and provides an express service with several stops. Or get on a suburban train in the direction of Cascais (Cascais todos or Oeiras line; express trains do not stop in Belém) to Belém and go to attractions. Tram 15 west (direction Algés) follows the Junqueira residential line. Check the route map inside the tram: helps you find the right station for the most famous Belém attractions. The extensive bus network also serves Belém from various outlet points in the city and can be less busy than the tram.

Please note that in order to reach the coastal attractions such as the tower of Belem and Padrão dos Descobrimentos from the city center/tram line, it is necessary to cross the railway line through footbridges - there is one at the railway station and the other near the tower of Belem.

25 Torre de Belém (Tower Belem), Av. Brasília, +351 21 362 0034. Oct-May: Wt-Nd 10:00-17:30; May-September: Wt-No. 10:00-18:30; last input 30 minutes before closure; closed on 1 January, Easter, 1 May, 13 June and 25 December. On the UNESCO World Heritage List, the iconic defense tower was built in the late 16th century in the late Gothic Manelian style as a fortress. It was said that this was the last thing Portuguese discoverers saw when they came out, and the first thing they saw when they came back. It was later used as a prison for political prisoners and is today one of the most recognizable symbols of Lisbon and Portugal. 6 € (adults), 3 € (senior / student / youth card), free (children under 12 years); free admission on the first Sunday of the month. Combined ticket from Mosteroiro dos Jerónimos 12 €, ticket combined with Mosteroiro dos Jerónimos and Museu Nacional de Arqueology 16 €, ticket combined with 5 other facilities 25 € (details on the website).
26 Mosteiro dos Jerónimos (Hieronimiti Monastery), Praça do Império, ☎ +351 21 362 0034. October-May: Wt-No. 10:00-17:30; May-September: Wt-No. 10:00-18:30; last input 30 minutes before closure; closed on 1 January, Easter, 1 May, 13 June and 25 December. The monastery was listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, was built in the 16th century and is an excellent example of the Portuguese late-Gothic style of the mantle. 10 € (adults), 5 € (seniors / students / youth card), free (children under 12 years of age); free entry to the church and on the first Sunday of the month.
27 Explore Monument (Padrão dos Descobrimentos). Climbing the monument gives a spectacular view of Belém. €4
28 'Afonso de Albuquerque statue. In front of the former Royal Palace in Belém, now the Presidential Palace, there is a powerful monument overlooking the sea, representing Afonso de Albuquerque, the second ruler of Portuguese India in the early 16th century.
29 Museu da Marinha (Maritime Museum), Centro Cultural de Belém, +351 21 362-0019. Active 10:00-17:00 in winter, 10:00-18:00 in summer. One of the most important in Europe, which is causing Portugal to dominate the seas. Its colossal 17,000 objects are installed in the western wing of the Hieronimite Monastery and includes models of ships from the Age of Discovery. The oldest exhibit is a wooden figure depicting Archangel Rafael, who accompanied Vasco da Gam during his trip to India. Input fee 4 €.
30 Museu Nacional dos Coches (National Coach Museum), Praça Afonso de Albuquerque, Belem (Tram or train to Belem). 10:00-18:00. Located in the former school of equestrian palace, do not miss the world's largest collection of horse carriages and other royal vehicles. One of many extraordinary museums in Lisbon. €5
31 Museu Colecção Berardo, Centro Cultural de Belém. 10:00-19:00. The permanent collection of the museum includes the collection of Berardo, which consists of contemporary art, with major artistic movements such as abstract expressionism, abstraction-création, action painting, body art, constructivism, cubism, De Stijl, digital art, experimental art, abstraction kinetic art, minimal art, neoexpressionism, neo-plasticity, neorealism, op-art, photography, photorealism, pop-art, realism, supremacy, surrealism. Includes artists such as Piet Mondrian, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Pablo Picasso and Jackson Polock. Admission free.
32 Museu Arte Arquitetura Technology (Museum of Architecture and Technology of Art), Av. de Brasília, Central Tejo, +351 210 028 130, e-mail: [email protected] Wt-Pn 12:00-20:00. Various exhibits, including one on electricity in the building of the former power plant. €5

Ponte 25 de Abril seen from Jardim Botânico da Ajuda

33 Botanical gardens of Ajuda (Jardim Botânico da Ajuda), Calçada da Ajuda, +351 21 362 2503, e-mail: [email protected] Daily 09:00-20:00 (summer), 09:00-18:00 (winter). The botanical garden of Ajuda is one of the oldest gardens in Europe and is considered the first in Portugal. After the earthquake in 1755, the homeless Portuguese royal family decided to build a new royal residence in Ajuda, but also gardens around it. This 10 hectare garden was founded between 1858 and 1873. € 2.